What components should be checked during routine vehicle maintenance to prevent emissions issues?

The focus on the air filter, fuel system, and catalytic converter during routine vehicle maintenance is crucial for preventing emissions issues. The air filter plays a vital role in ensuring that the engine receives clean air, which is necessary for efficient combustion. A clogged air filter can lead to a rich fuel mixture, resulting in incomplete combustion and increased emissions.

The fuel system is equally important, as it manages the delivery of fuel to the engine. Problems in the fuel system, such as clogged fuel injectors or a failing fuel pump, can affect engine performance and lead to higher emissions due to improper fuel-air mixture or incomplete combustion.

Lastly, the catalytic converter is a critical component of the exhaust system that reduces harmful emissions by converting pollutants in the exhaust gases into less harmful substances. If the catalytic converter is malfunctioning or damaged, it can significantly increase the levels of toxic emissions released into the environment.

Focusing on these three components during maintenance promotes optimal engine performance and compliance with emissions standards, thus playing a key role in environmental protection.